最近要用到oracle，所以就直接装一下oracle 11g了，在oracle官方上下载一个oracle

　　用unzip解压，

　　unzip linux_x86_11gR1_database.zip

　　1、安装包检测及安装

　　[root@localhost CentOS]# rpm -q gcc make binutils setarch compat-db compat-gcc compat-gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++ compat-libstdc++-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel libaio-devel sysstat

　　gcc-4.1.2-14.el5

　　make-3.81-1.1

　　binutils-2.17.50.0.6-5.el5

　　setarch-2.0-1.1

　　compat-db-4.2.52-5.1

　　package compat-gcc is not installed

　　package compat-gcc-c++ is not installed

　　package compat-libstdc++ is not installed

　　package compat-libstdc++-devel is not installed

　　unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1

　　unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-7.1

　　libaio-devel-0.3.106-3.2

　　sysstat-7.0.0-3.el5

　　再用rpm -ivh 安装就行，这些包在centos安装盘中都用!

　　2、系统参数设置及用户目录设置

　　//查看内存及swap

　　# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo

　　MemTotal:512236 kB

　　# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo

　　SwapTotal:1574360 kB

　　sysctl.conf

　　# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux

　　#

　　# For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and

　　# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.

　　# Controls IP packet forwarding

　　net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

　　# Controls source route verification

　　net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

　　# Do not accept source routing

　　net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

　　# Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel

　　kernel.sysrq = 0

　　# Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename

　　# Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications

　　kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

　　# Controls the use of TCP syncookies

　　net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

　　# Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes

　　#kernel.msgmnb = 65536

　　# Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue

　　#kernel.msgmax = 65536

　　# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes

　　#kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

　　# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages

　　#kernel.shmall = 268435456

　　#Below for oracle11g

　　kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

　　kernel.shmmax = 536870912

　　kernel.shmmni = 4096

　　kernel.shmall = 2097152

　　kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

　　net.core.rmem_default = 4194304

　　net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

　　net.core.wmem_default = 262144

　　net.core.wmem_max = 262144

　　fs.file-max = 6553600

　　net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

　　//添加用户组及用户

　　#groupadd dba

　　#groupadd oinstall

　　#useradd oracle -g oinstall -G dba

　　#passwd oracle

　　//新建目录权限

　　#mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

　　#chown -R oracle:dba /u01/app/oracle

　　#chmod -R 755 /u01/app/oracle

　　#mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0.6

　　#chown -R oracle:dba /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0.6

　　#chmod -R 755 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0.6

　　#mkdir -p /u01/app/oralnventory

　　#chown -R oracle:dba /u01/app/oralnventory

　　#chmod -R 755 /u01/app/oralnventory

　　//用户环境变量

　　su - oracle

　　vi .bash_profile

　　# .bash_profile

　　# Get the aliases and functions

　　if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

　　. ~/.bashrc

　　fi

　　# User specific environment and startup programs

　　PATH=$PATH:HOME/bin

　　export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

　　export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.1.0.6

　　export ORACLE_SID=sales

　　export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/bin

　　export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

　　export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:ORACLE_HOME/lib

　　export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

　　export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data

　　unset USERNAME

　　umask 022

　　3、安装oracle

　　退出root，用oracle帐号进入，进入/oracle/databese

　　[root@localhost database]# pwd

　　/oracle/database

　　[root@localhost database]# ls

　　doc install response runInstaller stage welcome.html

　　[root@localhost database]#

　　执行./runInsaller进行安装，

　　4、测试oracle

　　[oracle@localhost bin]$ dbstart

　　[oracle@localhost bin]$ sqlplus /nolog

　　SQL*Plus: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Wed Apr 16 15:34:08 2008

　　Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

　　SQL> conn / as sysdba

　　Connected to an idle instance.

　　SQL> startup

　　ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

　　LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0.6/dbs/initsales.ora'

　　SQL>

　　出错，，郁闷呀，

　　找了N久也没找到，，后来我们公司的DBA说没有ORALCE实例，没办法，只有把装好的重新安装了。。

　　LINUX就是一点好，可以删除就行，

　　选到实例，，重新安装，

　　后来就没问题了，不过要做启动脚本的话，还要修改一下dbshut和dbstart里面的一行

　　ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1改成ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

　　再修改一下/etc/oratab文件，

　　sales:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0.6:N

　　修改成sales:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0.6:Y

　　到些，安装就完成了，，，来，，测试一下

　　[oracle@localhost bin]$ dbstart

　　Processing Database instance "sales": log file /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0.6/startup.log

　　[oracle@localhost ~]$ ps -ef |grep ora

　　root 2147 2124 0 17:26 ? 00:00:00 hald-addon-storage: polling /dev/hdc

　　root 2415 2381 0 17:29 pts/1 00:00:00 su - oracle

　　oracle 2416 2415 0 17:29 pts/1 00:00:00 -bash

　　oracle 2753 2416 0 17:32 pts/1 00:00:00 -bash

　　oracle 2757 1 0 17:32 ? 00:00:00 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0.6/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER -inherit

　　oracle 2806 2753 0 17:32 pts/1 00:00:00 -bash

　　oracle 2855 2806 0 17:32 pts/1 00:00:00 sqlplus

　　oracle 2860 1 0 17:32 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_sales

　　oracle 2862 1 0 17:32 ? 00:00:00 ora_vktm_sales

　　oracle 2866 1 0 17:32 ? 00:00:00 ora_diag_sales

　　oracle 2868 1 0 17:32 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbrm_sales

　　oracle 2870 1 0 17:32 ? 00:00:00 ora_psp0_sales

　　oracle 2874 1 0 17:32 ? 00:00:00 ora_dia0_sales

　　oracle 2876 1 0 17:32 ? 00:00:00 ora_mman_sales

　　oracle 2878 1 3 17:32 ? 00:00:01 ora_dbw0_sales

　　oracle 2880 1 1 17:32 ? 00:00:00 ora_lgwr_sales

　　oracle 2882 1 0 17:32 ? 00:00:00 ora_ckpt_sales

　　oracle 2884 1 0 17:32 ? 00:00:00 ora_smon_sales

　　oracle 2886 1 0 17:32 ? 00:00:00 ora_reco_sales

　　oracle 2888 1 7 17:32 ? 00:00:03 ora_mmon_sales

　　oracle 2890 1 0 17:32 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmnl_sales

　　oracle 2892 1 0 17:32 ? 00:00:00 ora_d000_sales

　　oracle 2894 1 0 17:32 ? 00:00:00 ora_s000_sales

　　oracle 2901 2855 26 17:33 ? 00:00:09 oraclesales (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))

　　oracle 2903 1 22 17:33 ? 00:00:06 ora_p000_sales

　　oracle 2905 1 1 17:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_fbda_sales

　　oracle 2907 1 0 17:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_smco_sales

　　oracle 2909 1 0 17:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_w000_sales

　　oracle 2911 1 0 17:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_qmnc_sales

　　root 2940 2912 0 17:33 pts/2 00:00:00 su - oracle

　　oracle 2941 2940 1 17:33 pts/2 00:00:00 -bash

　　oracle 2971 1 1 17:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_q000_sales

　　oracle 2973 1 1 17:33 ? 00:00:00 ora_q001_sales

　　oracle 2979 1 24 17:33 ? 00:00:02 ora_m002_sales

　　oracle 2986 2941 0 17:33 pts/2 00:00:00 ps -ef

　　oracle 2987 2941 0 17:33 pts/2 00:00:00 grep ora

　　[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus /nolog

　　SQL*Plus: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Wed Apr 16 17:33:57 2008

　　Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

　　SQL> conn / as sysdba

　　Connected.

　　完成!